Spots:我們的島-第184集海底印記


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Revision as of 14:18, 30 September 2006

節目名稱:我們的島 製作公司:公視 資料連結連結點 集數:第184集海底印記

記者 于立平

  清晨四點,台南安平港內出現許多忙著搬氣瓶的潛水人員,在這種天都還沒有亮的時間,「潛水」似乎顯得有些突兀,這批來自各行各業的潛水同好,準備趕在8點海流比較穩定的時候,到達澎湖東吉島海域,雖然他們已經冒險下水很多次了,但是還是希望能夠親眼見到傳說中的海底聚落….

  這樣業餘的水下考古行動,起因於一個「虎井沉城」的傳說,澎湖縣誌中記載,「虎井嶼之東頭突端海底,有一座沈城,從突端高處俯視,確有一道狀似城牆繞圍突端,隱於海中清晰可見,兩端漸向深處而渺,俗稱為虎井沈城」,為了解開這個美麗的神話,民國六十五年,當時的澎湖縣長就請潛水界的老前輩謝新曦,尋找這座海底古城,不過這地圖上的一小點,卻讓謝老師找了七年,最後發現了一座看似十字型城牆的結構物,但究竟是自然的岩石節理,還是人為的海底遺跡,卻是各派理論眾說紛紜。

  古文明的探索人士認為,這是人造的城牆,年代可追溯到六千到一萬年前,由於當時冰河時期海平面比現在低120公尺左右,所以台灣海峽露出陸地,海水面上升後文明的遺跡就深藏海底,這樣的理論卻引發考古學家的質疑,因為一萬年前屬於舊石器時代,當時人類是以漁獵採集維生,沒有固定的住所,更別說具規模的神殿或城市建築,當然也就不可能有遺址的存在,部分地質學家也認為所謂的城牆只是岩層變化,由於澎湖群島的玄武岩本就變化多端,所以也可能是玄武岩節理看似一面牆,也有可能是由火山噴發所形成的火成岩岩脈,就當「沉城之謎」還沒有定論,這群潛水同好,卻開始根據各地漁民,傳言有看見海底聚落的疑似地點,在台灣海域各處,尋找夢中的神話故事,而位於澎湖最東方的東吉島,就是另一個遺跡傳說的基地….

  東、西吉島是澎湖群島最南方的兩座小島,據島上的老人家表示,東吉島的全盛時期,人口曾高達二、三千人,村民大多以捕魚為業,在不到二平方公里的土地上,還曾設有國中、小學、衛生所。但因漁業資源過渡及不當的捕撈,而日漸匱乏,島上居民生活不易,加上就業及求學、交通不便等因素,村民只好紛紛遷離。目前常住居民加上軍警等公職人員,約只剩三十人左右。島上偌大的梯田已盡數荒蕪,聚落房舍也大多傾毀,過往的繁華已成回憶。

  近兩個月來的水下踏查,就在這座小島的附近海域,發現疑似蜂巢田的人為石牆遺跡,目前中山大學環境學系教授及歷史博物館的考古專家,正著手研究,是否為人工建造物。東吉島水下石牆,預料將繼虎井沈城,再度引起,國際水下古文明考古專家的矚目。

  究竟海底有沒有古文明,如果沒有找到十足人為遺跡的證據,相信和不相信的人永遠難以有交集,就像台灣現在的水下考古發展一樣,有考古專業的人不會潛水,會潛水的人沒有考古的專業,不過即使如此,這一群帶著古文明夢的潛水同好,仍會繼續的海裡尋找,因為「海洋就像是一本讀不完的書」,有許多謎題還等待發掘….