Spots:如夢似幻的虎井沈城19821108


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如夢似幻的虎井沈城

文/古凌

  國內一批潛水專家,連日前往澎湖外海探勘深埋海底三百年的一個傳說──虎井沉城。

  虎井古城究竟是真是假,雖然無法證實,然而三百年來傳說紛紜,撲朔迷離。

  傳說之一,得自連雅堂的「台灣通史」,文中載:

  『澎湖虎井嶼之東南,有沉城焉。天空浪靜,望之在目。繚垣相錯,周可數十丈。漁者常得其磚,色紅若堅鐵,然當沒水鑿之,上生蠣蚌,似千數百年物。或曰,隋代之所建也,而文獻無徵,搢紳之士難言之。』

  值得捉摸的是,虎井沉城的傳說會不會由「望之在目」衍生、附會而來?

  虎井嶼,是面對馬公的一個小島,現有兩千餘居民,大都以打魚為生。根據史書記載,至少到清初的時候為止,澎湖像虎井、桶盤等的小嶼尚未設治。那麼,再遠溯到隋朝,是否會有築城的可能?

  二十六年前出版的「今日澎湖」,有一段介紹澎湖八景的文字指出,隋朝曾在虎井建造城牆,後因地層下陷、海水上升,遂下沉海底。

  果真如此,虎井沉城便極具歷史文化價值,不僅僅發人「滄海桑田」的感嘆而已。

  傳說還不止此。另外有人說,虎井的沉城建於元朝,也因天搖地動沉落海底;再就是荷蘭人築城抗明兵,後來明軍以火藥埋於樓底轟之,致「樓傾下海」。

  癥結在於傳說雖多,卻無從查考,只落得代代相傳,留給後人去揭開謎底。

  虎井沉城既可「望之在目」,傳說畢竟是美的,適足讓人興思古的幽情,進而激發強烈的好奇心。

  民國六十三年底,中華潛水公司董事長謝新曦從當時虎井村姓陳的村長口裡,聽到虎井沉城的故事,立刻極感興趣。他有潛水絕技在身,打算躍入海中親自探訪;澎湖縣政府知道他的計畫後,也鼓勵他從事這項壯舉。

  在蒐集資料期間,因為一群「大唐海豚」湧到澎湖,謝新曦忙著去捉海豚,把探勘的工作擱下來。

  去年夏天,他和幾個學生終於「下水」了。一年多來,他們輪流潛水百餘次,到今年十月中旬,他們「找到了」!

  那一天是十月二十三日。清晨五時許,謝新曦和魏文宗、黃郁文、陳應中,從澎湖搭船到虎井;七時五十分左右,在虎井嶼面對蒔里鄉方向,距岸邊兩百公尺處下水,潛到四公尺深處,赫然看見一處珊瑚掩蔽的石牆。

  這道「牆」,長約五十公尺至八十公尺,牆頭厚約一點五公尺、牆根厚約兩點五公尺;十一月六日,一支潛水隊又在這道石牆的北方,發現一堵南北走向的石牆,長度與高度和先前發現的相同。兩堵牆中間都有一處約二十公尺的缺口。

  他們找到的,就是虎井沉域的遺蹟嗎?未必!卻很可能是傳說中的海底城的所在。


資料來源:【1982-11-08/聯合報/12版/萬象】